Bezpieczeństwo Pracy i Ochrona Środowiska w Górnictwie Number 05/2018

The emission of pollutants into the atmosphere, including carbon dioxide, resulting in the formation of new technologies that are designed to limit the impact of burning fossil fuels on the environment. Despite the sophistication of technology one of the key requirements of its input can be social acceptance. This work presents the results of the studies conducted on Polish society in the area of social acceptance of geological storage of carbon dioxide (CCS). Findings were published in most positive acceptance of this method, however, next to a large extent there is a problem of ignorance of this method and the fact the lack of decisiveness. Analysis of the results of the study showed the need to update curricula in the field of environmental protection.

After the war, until 1970, Polish coal mining underwent the largest number of shaft drilling (157) and dredging (36) investments. In 1970-1985, 55 shafts were drilled and 27 were dredged, and in 1985-2000: there were, respectively: 27 and 21 shafts. This proves that the demand for such investments has been gradually dwindling. Only one shaft was built between 2000 and 2017 (the Bzie shaft in the KWK “Borynia-Zofiówka-Jastrzębie” mine), and in 2017, the dredging of a second shaft was commenced (the Grzegorz shaft in ZG “Sobieski”). However, the demand for new mine strata to be explored with the use of old shafts is high, which is why 6 shafts were dredged in this period, and 4 are currently in the progress of dredging. In the same period, KGHM S.A. dredged 2 shafts, and shaft GG-1 is currently undergoing dredging and will ultimately be the deepest one (1340.7 m) in Poland. As shaft drilling and dredging companies have gained experience in shaft works, new technologies were implemented, such as the steel structures used in artificial shaft bottoms, including so-called portable locking plates, dredging with the use of a special method - the freeze-fracturing method applied at the depth of up to 655 m, or the use of layered casings in salt deposits, which protect the shaft pit against the effects of plastic salt mine sidewall deformations.

Resistance evaluation of utility networks, such as water supply system, sewerage, gas and heat distribution network, to mining impact has an important meaning for the surface protection within mining areas. The evaluation is preceded by an inventory of all networks in the range of predicted mining impact. Then the course of pipelines and their parameters are determined. It poses the basis for the static resistance evaluation of pipelines to mining impact. Practical experience indicates that in many cases of older distributing networks the accurate evaluation of these factors is difficult to conduct because of technical reasons and it is economically unjustified. In the paper, the outline of a simplified method for static resistance evaluation of utility network pipelines to mining impact is presented.
The method consists in assessing the static resistance categories of the pipeline based on evaluation criteria. These criteria are determined on the basis of the experience and knowledge of the operation of the utility networks in mining areas. The resistance of utility network pipelines depends mainly on such factors as technical condition, used protections against subsoil deformations and current compensation possibilities and a possibility of quick failure repair. Each factor can be an evaluation criterion scored on a scale of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 (tab. 1–6), corresponding to the static resistance categories. Each evaluation criterion has a weighting coefficient related to its importance for the final resistance assessment (formulas 1 & 3). The sum of weights equals 1. The criteria can be divided into sub-criteria, which are also scored on the same scale and have weighting coefficients too (formulas 2 & 4). The static resistance category of the pipeline is determined based on the total sum of points after rounding to integer value.