Bezpieczeństwo Pracy i Ochrona Środowiska w Górnictwie Number 02/2019

The article presents analysis of the impact of mining exploitation on a selected building. No geodetic surveys were performed in the area in concern and thus the analyses were conducted using the Budryk-Knothe theory. A computer simulation of exploitation in space and time allowed to determine the possible maximal values of land deformation indicators. The values of the maximal horizontal deformations were calculated by means of traditional summing and using the method proposed by J. Białek and J. Kwiatek, thus obtaining reduced values. These values correspond to the damages of the building to a larger extent than the values obtained traditionally. As a result of the mining exploitation, the building was deflected by a value of approx. 50 mm/m. In many cases, the determination of the time when the effects of exploitation cease to affect the surface is highly significant, as it allows to determine whether the damages occur due to the mining exploitation. In cases of regions where geodetic measurements are not conducted one may or even should use empirical formulas. In the paper, the time has been calculated using three such formulas. The results obtained for the last conducted exploitation indicate that the time of the final phase of the deformation process, between the end of the mining works and the end of the subsidence, has not exceeded 1 year.

The diagnostic methods provided in this paper and the examples shown serve as a presentation of how one may control the technical condition of electrical engines relatively easily. The condition of electrical circuits and mechanical parts of an engine may also be controlled by measuring and analysing vibrations. Examples of insulation diagnostics, evaluations of the rotor cage condition, vibration measurements, including of spectral analyses make it possible to determine the "ageing" progress of electrical engines of pump units. The "ageing" of engines is accelerated by, in particular, selecting the engine that is not appropriate for operating conditions, impact of switching and network overvoltage, vibrations exceeding the allowable values, aggressive and humid surroundings, or a lack of regular inspections, maintenance, and diagnostic tests. Operational experiences show that the performance of regular diagnostic measurements and the determination of their trends allow electrical engines to be operated rationally and efficiently at optimised costs.

As a renewable source of energy in Poland, thermal waters are characterised by one of the highest energy potentials. The fact that regions of Poland with optimal geothermal conditions coincide with areas with a high density of urban and rural agglomerations, highly industrialised areas, and areas in which there is extensive agricultural and vegetable cultivation make such regions beneficial and important. In 2017 there were 6 geothermal power plants for central heating networks in Poland, while two additional plants were under construction. However, thermal waters were primarily used for balneotherapy and recreation. In addition, in 2017 there was one geothermal power plant (Geotermia Trzęsacz) that provided ecological water for an Atlantic salmon farm in Janów-Dreżewo (Karnice County). In individual cases thermal waters were also used to obtain iodine and bromine salts, carbon dioxide, as well as to dry wood, heat a football pitch and walking trails, for research purposes, and to supply certain heat pump systems.
Rolno-Rybackie Gospodarstwo Hodowlane Jurassic Salmon Sp. z o. o. in Janów-Dreżewo is a world's unique closed, organic Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) farm in basins based on thermal waters and autonomous recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). Conducted in accordance with ASC standards, the farm confirms that thermal waters may also be used for other purposes than for energy, therapy, and recreation ones. The production cycle of salmon farming, which does not involve antibiotics, carcinogenic or toxic chemicals, takes 20–22 months and includes five farming stages: from eggs to adults. At the moment Jurassic Salmon Sp. z o.o. produces 12–15 tonnes of salmon per week (to be increased to 20t/week) that are intended for domestic and foreign markets. The idea of organic fish farming with the use of Jurassic geothermal water is a perfect example of 21st-c. aquaculture, limiting the level of investment risk related to boring out geothermal wells, and possibilities of using waters with low thermal energy potential.

Psychological burden due to stress in the workplace is a significant problem in the mining industry. It can cause employee absenteeism, decrease in work efficiency and health problems. The analysis of the survey showed that the most onerous and stressful for employees were harmful conditions in the mine and the pressure caused by the timeliness of the tasks performed and the size of the achieved result. It has been suggested that there is a possibility of reducing the level of stress by taking appropriate action.