Bezpieczeństwo Pracy i Ochrona Środowiska w Górnictwie Number 08/2012

This paper presents the problem of designing the evacuation of mining crews from mine areas at risk of fire. In order to analyse the evacuation of the crew, one can use simulation programs which take into account individual characteristics of the evacuees and a variable topography of the area and allow for choosing different escape routes for the crew. An example area of the mine ventilated by the U system was analysed in terms of the evacuation of the crew. Evacuation time of the employees was determined depending on the length of the wall runway.

Effects of underground mining on ground surface usually is determined by geodetic measurements. Along with the development of measurement techniques optimal solutions in this area are searched, allowing more efficiently and without loss of accuracy to gain information about the state of surface deformation. Currently under consideration is the possibility of using in this kind of research the GNSS measurements based on an active network of reference stations (ASG-EUPOS). This article presents the research on estimation of average error values of indicators of the deformation appointed by RTK GPS measurements on a spatial test networks. This work was funded by the research (Research project NN 1199 33 11).

Summary: In the studied area, degasation of gobs had still been operating after termination of the liquidation of Czyżowice field of Anna mine (Fig. 27) as well as Żory (Fig. 28) and Moszczenica mines. In all of them casual nexus between methane emission and degasation efficiency was observed. In the shafts of Czyżowice field methane had not been observed before the end of degasation (Tab. 19 – Part VII). In the case of Żory mine migration of methane to the neighbor operating Jankowice and Borynia mines the migration stopped at the moment of methane production rise. In the boreholes and shafts of Moszczenica mine, on the other hand, methane generally occurred only when degasation efficiency dropped (Figs. 32b & 33b). Moreover, the maximum values of methane concentration were usually noted there during the depression barometric trends (Tab. 13). Degasation of Moszczenica and Żory mines was carried out at different gob levels which opened different gassy zones of methane content field. It has enabled author to pay attention to various methane concentrations in gases gathered from particular levels (Tab. 12 & 14), which are similar to such variations in deposit gases from gassy zones opened by the adequate levels (Tab. 4 – Part III).

This paper evaluates the risk of exposure to an increased ionising radiation originating from radon and its decay products for ordinary citizens and occupationally exposed employees who work underground. The audit was conducted on three active underground tourist routes: Bear Cave in Kletno, Old Mine of Uranium in Kletno and Gold Mine in Złoty Stok which, in accordance with the provisions of the binding Act "Atomic Law", can be regarded as underground workplaces other than mines [14, chapter 3, article 23, paragraph 3, item 1]. The measure of exposure to ionising radiation is an effective dose. We estimated the effective doses received by the employees and tourists visiting the underground tourist routes in the years 2009, 2010 and at the end of 2010 and the beginning of 2011. Based on the obtained results, we concluded that each of the tested sites posed the exposure risk for the employees due to the increased radiation. In two of them, it significantly exceeds the permissible annual exposure limit, which amounts to 20 mSv in accordance with the binding regulations [11]. For visitors, staying in the underground tourist facilities is safe.

In this studies we asses the possibility of microbial methane production from lignite wastes and efficiency of this process. Lignites from Konin Mine – open pit „Kazimierz Północ” were used in fermentation experiments. Incubation time was 1-3 months in temperature 20°C with 1-2 times in a week sampling. Overall 9 variants of experiments (including repetition for each one and 2 controls) were carried out. Differences in variants were only in mineral additives. Samples were analysed by means of gas chromatography. Efficiency of the process was calculated by means of loss on ignition tests and parameter – fermentation module Mf. As a result of studies we conclude that 6,65% of organic dry matter from lignite in variants IVA and IXB is a source for methanogenesis. Fermentation module was adequately 79,77%, and 98,65%, which is characteristic for stable sludges.

People associate the professional group of miners not only with a life-threatening and health-threatening work, but also with the characteristic forms of spending leisure time. Some of them, established by the tradition, are continued by the successive generations of employees working in mines, thus being a part of the mining culture. In this paper, the author focused on nature-related forms of spending leisure time: animal husbandry (homing pigeons, ornamental birds, rabbits and others), gardening, and fishing. The presented materials are the result of her field research.