Bezpieczeństwo Pracy i Ochrona Środowiska w Górnictwie Number 04/2023

Mining plants are among the industrial plants where there is a very rapid change in the configuration of the electricity network (progress of works, decommissioning of pits), and the mechanisation and automation of works involves the use of advanced power electronic systems. This entails differences in operation and the occurrence of disruptions in mine networks. The main threats to the correct operation of the equipment are changes in the shape of the voltage waveforms, the rms value of the voltage and the frequency of the waveforms feeding the equipment. An analysis of failures in the power grid of the Sobieski mine has shown that problems with maintaining adequate power quality cause uncontrolled interruptions of the production process, lasting many hours, resulting in economic losses. The problem is undoubtedly the lack of legislation that regulates this issue holistically. Neither the regulation on detailed conditions for the operation of the electricity system nor the regulations related to mining facilities are explicit in this respect.

The specifics of mine rescue depend on the type of mining and the associated natural hazards present at the mine site. The strictest rigour in this respect applies to underground mining plants, particularly those extracting hard coal. The vast majority of these requirements also apply to mining facilities extracting minerals through boreholes. In contrast, in the case of open-pit mines, due to at least the type and level of hazards present, there are relatively few requirements for mine rescue. Rescue operations in this type of company are carried out by company fire brigades and, in companies without company fire brigades, by other rescue units, such as the State Fire Service.

The administrative procedure is codified in the Code of Administrative Procedure. However, none of the rules of administrative procedure derogate from the guiding principle of the legalism of administrative action, of respecting local and material jurisdiction and of being guided by the public interest and the legitimate interest of the party. The essence of administrative jurisdiction is the binding determination of the consequences of a rule of substantive law for a particular state of facts. The issuing of the decision is preceded by an administrative procedure, which may end with a substantive or formal decision (e.g. on its discontinuance). In order to initiate proceedings, it must have both an object and a subject. The absence of one of these allows only investigative action to be taken. Administrative proceedings shall be initiated either at the request of a party or ex officio and notice of their initiation ex officio or at the request of one of the parties shall be given to all parties to the case. It is initiated on application when a party's application, however incomplete, is received. Nor can the initiation of proceedings be refused even despite the assessment that a party's claim is unfounded. In a 1984 judgment, the Supreme Administrative Court stated in this regard that the concept of a party in administrative proceedings can only be derived from a specific provision of law allowing the formulation of a citizen's interest or obligation, based on which an authority's actions or their omission or limitation can be effectively demanded. The factual interest, which is the subject matter of the civil proceedings, must be distinguished from the legal interest so conceived.